Giant ‘Prehistoric’ Amazon Fish Spotted in Florida: What to Know About the Arapaima

A massive, ancient-looking fish native to the Amazon River basin has reportedly been found in Florida waters, raising concerns among wildlife officials and environmental experts. The fish, known as the Arapaima (also called pirarucu), is one of the largest freshwater fish species in the world—and its presence outside its native habitat is drawing attention. What Is the Arapaima?

The Arapaima is often described as “prehistoric” because of its enormous size, armored scales, and lineage dating back millions of years. It can grow up to 10 feet (3 meters) long and weigh more than 400 pounds (180 kg). One of its most unusual traits is its ability to breathe air—it must surface regularly, using a lung-like organ, which makes it easy to spot.

Native to the Amazon River and surrounding floodplains in South America, the species plays an important ecological role in its natural environment.

Why Is It in Florida?

Florida is no stranger to non-native species. Experts believe the Arapaima may have been introduced through:

• Illegal aquarium releases

• Fish farming escapes

• Exotic wildlife trade

The state’s warm climate and extensive freshwater systems make it particularly vulnerable to invasive species establishing populations.

Environmental Concerns

Wildlife officials are closely monitoring sightings to determine whether the Arapaima has begun breeding in Florida waters. If established, it could potentially:

• Compete with native fish for food

• Disrupt local ecosystems

• Prey on smaller species

However, experts note that survival outside the Amazon can depend on water temperature, habitat conditions, and food availability.

 What Officials Are Saying

Authorities are urging residents not to release exotic pets into the wild and to report any unusual large fish sightings to wildlife agencies. Early detection is critical in preventing invasive species from spreading.

While the Arapaima is a fascinating and impressive creature, its appearance in Florida serves as a reminder of the delicate balance within aquatic ecosystems—and the unintended consequences of introducing non-native wildlife.